PHP设计模式入门之状态模式原理与实现方法分析

网络编程 2024/9/25 佚名

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本文实例讲述了PHP设计模式入门之状态模式原理与实现方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

想必大家都用过自动售卖的自动饮料机吧，塞入硬币或纸币，选择想要的饮料，饮料就会在机器的下方滚出。大家有没有相关如果用程序去写一个饮料机要怎么样实现呢？

首先我们可以分享一下这部饮料机有几种状态

一、没有钱的状态

二、有钱的状态

三、售出的状态

四、销售一空的状态

好吧，知道了这些状态之后我们开始写代码了！

JuiceMachine.php

<"you can't insert another coin!<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you just insert a coin<br />";
     $this->_state = JuiceMachine::HASMONEY;
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "wait a minute, we are giving you a bottle of juice<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     echo "you can't insert coin, the machine is already soldout<br />";
   }
 }
 
 /**
 * 退回硬币
 */
 public function retreatCoin(){
   if($this->_state == JuiceMachine::HASMONEY ){
     echo "coin return!<br />";
     $this->_state = JuiceMachine::NOMONEY;
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yet<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "sorry, you already clicked the botton<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yet<br />";
   }
 }
 
 /**
 * 点击饮料对应的按钮
 */
 public function clickButton(){
   if($this->_state == JuiceMachine::HASMONEY ){
     echo "you clicked, we are giving you a bottle of juice...<br />";
     $this->_state = JuiceMachine::SOLD;  //改变饮料机的状态为售出模式
     $this->dispend();
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you clicked,but you hav'nt inserted a coin yet<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "click twice does'nt get you two bottle of juice<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     echo "you clicked, but the machine is already soldout<br />";
   }
 }
 
 /**
 * 发放饮料
 */
 public function dispend(){
   if($this->_state == JuiceMachine::HASMONEY ){
     echo "please click the button first<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::NOMONEY){
     echo "you need to pay first<br />";
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLD){
     echo "now you get you juice<br />";
     //饮料机中的饮料数量减一
     $this->_count--;
     if($this->_count <= 0){
       echo "opps, runing out of juice<br />";
       //如果这时饮料机中没有饮料了，将饮料机的状态重置为销售一空
       $this->_state = JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT;
     }else{
       //将饮料机的状态重置为没有钱
       $this->_state = JuiceMachine::NOMONEY;
     }
   }elseif($this->_state == JuiceMachine::SOLDOUT){
     //其实这种情况不应该出现
     echo "opps, it appears that we don't have any juice left<br />";
   }
 }
}

index.php

<"//img.jbzj.com/file_images/article/202004/2020426113236984.png" alt="" />
在我们这个项目中的实际类图如下：

具体实现代码：
State.php


<"htmlcode">

<"you just insert a coin<br />";
    //将饮料机的状态切换成有钱的状态
    $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getHasmoneyState());
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yet<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you clicked,but you hav'nt inserted a coin yet<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you need to pay first<br />";
  }
}




HasmoneyState.php


<"you can't insert another coin!<br />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "coin return!<br />";
    $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getNomoneyState());
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you clicked, we are giving you a bottle of juice...<br />";
    // 改变饮料机的状态为售出模式
    $rand = mt_rand(0, 0);
    // 当随机数为0（即1/10的概率）并且饮料机中还有1瓶以上的饮料时
    if ($rand == 0 && $this->_juiceMachine->getCount() > 1) {
      $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getWinnerState());
    } else {
      $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldState());
    }
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "please click the button first<br />";
  }
}




SoldoutState.php


<"you can't insert coin, the machine is already soldout<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you have'nt inserted a coin yet<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "you clicked, but the machine is already soldout<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "opps, it appears that we don't have any juice left<br />";
  }
}




SoldState.php


<"wait a minute, we are giving you a bottle of juice<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "sorry, you already clicked the botton<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "click twice does'nt get you two bottle of juice<br />";
  }
 
 /* (non-PHPdoc)
   * @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    $this->_juiceMachine->decJuice();
    if($this->_juiceMachine->getCount() <= 0){
      echo "opps, runing out of juice<br />";
      //如果这时饮料机中没有饮料了，将饮料机的状态重置为销售一空
       $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
    }else{
      //将饮料机的状态重置为没有钱
       $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getNomoneyState());
    }
  }
  
}




WinnerState.php


<"wait a minute, we are giving you a bottle of juice<br />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::retreatCoin()
   */
  public function retreatCoin()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "sorry, you already clicked the botton<br />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::clickButton()
   */
  public function clickButton()
  {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    echo "click twice does'nt get you two bottle of juice<br />";
  }
  
  /*
   * (non-PHPdoc) @see State::dispend()
   */
  public function dispend()
  {
    echo "you are a winner! you get two bottle of juice!<br />";
    $this->_juiceMachine->decJuice();
    if ($this->_juiceMachine->getCount() > 0) {
      $this->_juiceMachine->decJuice();
      if ($this->_juiceMachine->getCount() <= 0) {
        echo "opps, runing out of juice<br />";
        // 如果这时饮料机中没有饮料了，将饮料机的状态重置为销售一空
        $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
      } else {
        // 将饮料机的状态重置为没有钱
        $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
      }
    } else {
      echo "opps, runing out of juice<br />";
      // 如果这时饮料机中没有饮料了，将饮料机的状态重置为销售一空
      $this->_juiceMachine->setState($this->_juiceMachine->getSoldoutState());
    }
  }
}




JuiceMachine.php


<"now you get you juice<br />";
    //饮料机中的饮料数量减一
    $this->_count--;
  }
  
}




index.php


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希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。

                                
                                
                                    PHP,设计模式,状态模式 
                                
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