php artisan storage:link 

'default' => env('FILESYSTEM_DRIVER', 'public')

#修改nginx配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
http {
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  client_max_body_size 10M;
  .....
}
#重启nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
#修改php-fpm配置文件
vim /usr/local/etc/php/7.2/php.ini
post_max_size = 20M
upload_max_filesize = 20M
#重启php-fpm
/usr/local/sbin/php72-fpm restart

/**
 * 处理上传文件
 * @return [type] [description]
 */
public function uploadFile(Request $request){
  $postFile = 'upload';
  $allowedPrefix = ['jpg','png','doc','docx','xls','xlsx','zip','ppt','pptx','rar','pdf'];
  //检查文件是否上传成功
  if(!$request->hasFile($postFile) || !$request->file($postFile)->isValid()){
    return $this->CKEditorUploadResponse(0,'文件上传失败');
  }
  $extension = $request->file($postFile)->extension();
  $size = $request->file($postFile)->getClientSize();
  $filename = $request->file($postFile)->getClientOriginalName();
  //检查后缀名
  Log::info('extension',[$filename=>$extension]);
  if(!in_array($extension, $allowedPrefix)){
    return $this->CKEditorUploadResponse(0,'文件类型不合法');
  }
  //检查大小
  Log::info('size',[$filename=>$size]);
  if($size > 10*1024*1024){
    return $this->CKEditorUploadResponse(0,'文件大小超过限制');
  }
  //保存文件
  $path = '/storage/'.$request->file($postFile)->store('images');
  return $this->CKEditorUploadResponse(1,'',$filename,$path);
}
/**
 * CKEditor 上传文件的标准返回格式
 * @param [type] $uploaded [description]
 * @param string $error  [description]
 * @param string $filename [description]
 * @param string $url   [description]
 */
private function CKEditorUploadResponse($uploaded,$error='',$filename='',$url=''){
  return [
    "uploaded" => $uploaded,
    "fileName" => $filename,
    "url" => $url,
    "error" => [
      "message" => $error
    ]
  ];
}

#文件上传路由
Route::post('/create/uploadFile','Admin\Articles\CreateController@uploadFile');
#从word中复制内容时，自动上传图片路由
Route::post('/create/uploadFile&responseType=json','Admin\Articles\CreateController@uploadFile');

CKEDITOR.replace('content',{
  height:500,
  fileTools_requestHeaders : {
    'X-CSRF-TOKEN': $('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content')
  },
  isFileUploadSupported : true,
  filebrowserUploadUrl : '/create/uploadFile',
  language : 'zh-cn', 
}); 

<!-- CSRF Token -->
<meta name="csrf-token" content="{{ csrf_token() }}">

fileTools_requestHeaders : {
  'X-CSRF-TOKEN': $('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content')
}